1.OA.2 Teacher Guide | ilteachandtalk

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1.OA.2 ADDITION OF THREE WHOLE NUMBERS COHERENCE AND CONNECTIONS

CLASSROOM RESOURCE HOT QUESTIONS ADDITIONAL RESOURCES

1.OA.2

Represent and solve problems involving addition and subtraction.

1.OA.2 Solve word problems that call for addition of three whole numbers whose sum is less than or equal to 20, e.g., by using objects, drawings, and equations with a symbol for the unknown number to represent the problem.

Addition of Three Whole Numbers

At this grade level students are developing understandings of addition and strategies for addition within 20. Students will be combining numbers through a variety of ways that make sense to each individual student. Daily Discourse is very important to practice these multiple strategies and to listen and understand each other’s reasoning. Look at the examples below from the KATM.org Flipbooks. One problem is presented but many ways to solve the problem are shared.

Explanations and Examples:
1.OA.2 asks students to add (join) three numbers whose sum is less than or equal to 20, using a variety of mathematical representations.

This objective does address multi-step word problems.

Example:
There are cookies on the plate. There are 4 oatmeal raisin cookies, 5 chocolate chip cookies, and 6 gingerbread cookies. How many cookies are there total?

Student 1 - Adding with a Ten Frame and Counters
I put 4 counters on the 10 Frame for the oatmeal raisin cookies. Then, I put 5 different color counters on the 10-Frame for the chocolate chip cookies. Then, I put another 6 color counters out for the gingerbread cookies. Only one of the gingerbread cookies fit, so I had 5 left over. One 10-Frame and five leftover makes 15 cookies. (Students use concrete models).

Student 2 - Look for ways to make 10
I know that 4 and 6 equal 10, so the oatmeal raisin and gingerbread equals 10 cookies. Then, I add the 5 chocolate chip cookies and get 15 total cookies.

Student 3 - Number Line
I counted on the number line. First, I counted 4, and then I counted 5 more and landed on 9. Then, I counted 6 more and landed on 15. So there were 15 total cookies.

Kansas Association of Teachers of Mathematics (KATM) Flipbooks.

Questions or to send feedback: melisa@ksu.edu. Retrieved from Grade 1 Flip Book.

Be sure to facilitate the student’s thinking with probing questions and drawing out their thinking or composing and decomposing of numbers.

For Example: 9 + 4 + 7 = 9 + 1 + 3 + 7

Marie thinks that she will decompose the 4 into a 1 and a 3. Why would she decompose the number this way?

9 + 1 = 10 and

3 + 7 = 10

So 9 + 4 + 7 = 20

In kindergarten, students solve addition and subtraction problems using concrete and pictorial representations. In first grade problems are more complex as students now also begin to represent problems abstractly as equations. Students may use many different representations to solve including drawing a picture, making tally marks, counting on fingers, or representing in their own way.

The unknowns in the problems may also be in any position.

The problem structure is subtle but it is important to see the reasoning involved when solving these types of situations. The Progression Document outlines which problem types grades K-2 are responsible for mastering.

See Table 2: Addition and Substraction situations by grade level

Common Core Standards Writing Team. (2013, September 19).

Progressions for the Common Core State Standards in Mathematics (draft). K-5 Counting and Cardinality and Operations and Algebraic Thinking. Tucson, AZ: Institute for Mathematics and Educations, University of Arizona.

Coherence and Connections: Need to Know

Grade Below

Grade Level

Grade Above

K.OA.2

1.OA.2

1.OA.1

1.MD.4

2.OA.1

In the Draft of the PARCC Model Content Framework for Mathematics for Grade 1, it stated:

In the previous grade, kindergarten students generally saw equations only when the teacher wrote them on the board; kindergarten students were not expected to write equations themselves. Grade 1 students will write equations for a variety of reasons, such as expressing a decomposition of a number (16 = 9 + 7), expressing a piece of reasoning about numbers (9 + 7 = 9 + 1 + 6 along the way to making ten) or representing a word problem with an unknown (9 + ? = 16). Students use the equal sign appropriately, evaluate the truth of an equation and determine unknown numbers that will make an equation true.

* The study of word problems in grade 1 (1.OA.1, 1.OA.2) can be coordinated with students' growing proficiency with addition and subtraction within 20 (1.OA.6) and their growing proficiency with multidigit addition and subtraction (1.NBT.4, 1.NBT.6).

* Word problems can also be linked to students' growing understanding of properties of addtion and the relationship between addition and sbutraction. For example, put together/take apart problems with addend unknown can show subtraction as finding an unknown addend.

PARCC Draft Model Content Frameworks: Mathematics Grades K-2

There are a variety of methods to change to an easier problem. These draw on addition of three whole numbers, 1.OA.2. Solve word problems that call for addition of three whole numbers whose sum is less than or equal to 20, e.g., by using objects, drawings, and equations with a symbol for the unknown number to represent the problem. Addition or subtraction can be used to solve a related addition or subtraction by decomposing one addend and composing it with the other addend. For example, a student can change 8+6 to the easier 10 + 4 by decomposing 6 = 2 + 4 and composing the 2 with the 8 to make 10 = 8 + 6 = 8 + 2 + 4 = 10 + 4 = 14.

Common Core Standards Writing Team. (2013, September 19).

Progressions for the Common Core State Standards in Mathematics(draft). K-5 Counting and Cardinality and Operations and Algebraic Thinking. Tucson, AZ: Institute for Mathematics and Educations, University of Arizona.

Also check out Student Achievement Partners Coherence Map

Classroom Resources

1.OA.2 Daily Discourse

Use the graphic organizer to solve each problem.

HOT Questions

Use the bug picture to create an addition problem that must be solved by adding three whole numbers

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8 + 5 = 13. Ray said, “I got the total number of points by adding 5 + 5 + 3.” Will Ray also get 13 points like Lauren?